Handouts:

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Core Democratic Values

Core democratic values are the fundamental beliefs and constitutional principles of American Society which unite all Americans. These values are expressed in the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution and other significant documents, speeches, and writings of the nation. Below are some examples of core democratic values.

Fundamental Beliefs	Constitutional Principles
Life	The Rule of Law
Liberty	Separation of Powers
The Pursuit of Happiness	Representative Government
The Common Good	Checks and Balances
Justice	Individual Rights
Equality	Freedom of Religion
Diversity	Federalism
Truth	Civilian Control of the Military
Popular Sovereignty
Patriotism

Source: CIVITAS: A Framework for Civic Education, a collaborative project of the Center for Civic Education and the Council for the Advancement of Citizenship, National Council for the Social Studies Bulletin No. 86,1991.

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Core Democratic Value Definitions

Fundamental Beliefs

Life:
The individual's right to life should be considered inviolable except in certain highly restricted and extreme circumstances, such as the use of deadly force to protect one's own or others' lives.

Liberty:
The right to liberty is considered an unalterable aspect of the human condition. Central to this idea of liberty is the understanding that the political or personal obligations of parents or ancestors cannot be legitimately forced on people. The right to liberty includes:

• personal freedom: the private realm in which the individual is free to act, to think and to believe, and which the government cannot legitimately invade;
• political freedom: the right to participate freely in the political process, choose and remove public officials, to be governed under a rule of law; the right to a free flow of information and ideas, open debate and right of assembly; and
• economic freedom: the right to acquire, use, transfer and dispose of private property without unreasonable governmental interference; the right to seek employment wherever one pleases; to change employment at will; and to engage in any lawful economic activity.

The Pursuit of Happiness:
It is the right of citizens in the American constitutional democracy to attempt to attain - to "pursue"- happiness in their own way, so long as they do not infringe upon the rights of others.

Common Good:
The public or common good requires that individual citizens have the commitment and motivation - that they accept their obligation - to promote the welfare of the community and to work together with other members for the greater benefit of all.

Justice:
People should be treated fairly in the distribution of the benefits and burdens of society, the correction of wrongs and injuries, and in the gathering of information and making of decisions.

Diversity:
Variety in culture and ethnic background, race, lifestyle, and belief is not only permissible but desirable and beneficial in a pluralist society.

Truth:
Citizens can legitimately demand that truth-telling as refraining from lying and full disclosure by government be the rule, since trust in the veracity of government constitutes an essential element of the bond between governors and governed.

Popular Sovereignty:
The citizenry is collectively the sovereign of the state and holds ultimate authority over public officials and their policies.

Patriotism:
Virtuous citizens display a devotion to their country, including devotion to the fundamental values and principles upon which it depends.

Source: CIVITAS: A Framework for Civic Education, a collaborative project of the Center for Civic Education and the Council for the Advancement of Citizenship, National Council for the Social Studies Bulletin No. 86, 1991.

Constitutional Principles

Rule of Law:
Both government and the governed should be subject to the law.

Separation of Powers:
Legislative, executive, and judicial powers should be exercised by different institutions in order to maintain the limitations placed upon them.

Representative Government:
The republican form of government established under the Constitution is one in which citizens elect others to represent their interests.

Checks and Balances:
The powers given to the different branches of government should be balanced, that is roughly equal, so that no branch can completely dominate the others. Branches of government are also given powers to check the power of other branches.

Individual Rights:

Fundamental to American constitutional democracy is the belief that individuals have certain basic rights that are not created by government but which government should protect. These are the right to life, liberty, economic freedom, and the "pursuit of happiness." It is the purpose of government to protect these rights, and it may not place unfair or unreasonable restraints on their exercise. Many of these rights are enumerated in the Bill of Rights.

Freedom of Religion:

There shall be full freedom of conscience for people of all faiths or none. Religious liberty is considered to be a natural inalienable right that must always be beyond the power of the state to confer or remove. Religious liberty includes the right to freely practice any religion or no religion without governmental coercion or control.

Federalism:
Power is shared between two sets of governmental institutions, those of the states and those of the central or federal authorities, as stipulated by the Constitution.

Civilian Control of the Military:
Civilian authority should control the military in order to preserve constitutional government.

Michigan Department of Education - Curriculum Development Unit: Social Studies 612198

Handout 3Print Handout 3

Core Democratic Value Bingo Sheet

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Philanthropic Leader Web Sites

 

1. Madame C. J. Walker: http://www.madamecjwalker.com
   Continue down the page to "A Brief Biography of Madam C. J. Walker"

    

2. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.: http://www.lib.lsu.edu/hum/mlk/srs218.html

    

3. Jane Addams: http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/ja_bio.html

    

4. Clara Barton: http://www.civilwarhome.com/bartonbio.htm

    

5. Dorothea L. Dix: http://www.civilwarhome.com/dixbio.htm

    

6. Susan B. Anthony: No longer available.

    

7. Rosa Parks: http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/parks01.html

    

8. W.E.B. Du Bois: http://members.tripod.com/~DuBois/mont.html

    

9. Booker T. Washington: http://docsouth.unc.edu/washington/bio.html

    

10. Melinda and Bill Gates: http://www.gatesfoundation.org

     

11. Ida Wells Barnett: http://www.inform.umd.edu/pictures/womensstudies/PictureGallery/wells.html

     

12. Harriet Tubman: http://www.incwell.com/Biographies/Tubman.html

     

13. Sojourner Truth: http://library.thinkquest.org/2667/Truth.htm

     

14. Jesse Jackson: http://www.africana.com/research/encarta/tt_223.asp [no longer available]

     

15. Cesar E. Chavez: http://www.sfsu.edu/%7Ececipp/cesar_chavez/chavezhome.htm
    Click on "Biography."

     

16. Stokely Carmichael: http://www.cnn.com/us/9811/15/carmichael.obit/

     

17. James Farmer: http://www.core-online.org (Congress of Racial Equality)
    Click on "History of CORE," then "James Farmer."

     

18. Dr. George Edmund Haynes: http://www.laul.org/georgeehaynes.htm

     

For all of the following famous woman and/or minority philanthropists, click on to the same web site which is www.greatwomen.org. Click on "Women of the Hall," then click on the first letter of the woman's last name.

1. Rachel Carson
2. Carrie Chapman Catt
3. Ruth Colvin
4. Crystal Eastman
5. Marian Edelman
6. Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke Weld
7. Dorothy Height
8. Dolores Huerta
9. Helen LaKelly Hunt
10. "Mother" Mary Harris Jones
11. Helen Keller
12. Maggie Kuhn
13. Susette LaFlesche
14. Juliette Low
15. Lucretia Mott
16. Esther Peterson
17. Sister Elaine Roulet
18. Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
19. Eleanor Roosevelt
20. Margaret Sanger
21. Katherine Siva Saubel
22. Eunice Mary Kennedy Shriver
23. Hannah Greenbaum Solomon
24. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
25. Gloria Steinem
26. Lucy Stone
27. Ida Tarbell
28. Florence Wald
29. Lillian Wald
30. Annie Dodge Wauneka

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Rubric For Historical Research

In order to receive a 4 point score, the learner must: research a historical leader who acted alone or with an organization as an alternative power structure in American society to improve conditions for the common good. illustrate how this leader/organization reacted to historic violations of human dignity involving discrimination, persecution, crimes against humanity. identify benefits and challenges faced by the leader and how they related to diversity in American life. show how individual rights and the concept of democracy were important to the historical leader. using various means, present research findings in a presentation format.

In order to receive a 3 point score, the learner must: research a historical leader who acted alone or with an organization as an alternative power structure in American society to improve conditions for the common good. Illustrate how this leader/institution reacted to historic violations of human dignity involving discrimination, persecution, crimes against humanity. using various means, present research findings in a presentation format.

In order to receive a 2 point score, the learner must: research a historical leader who acted alone or with an organization as an alternative power structure in American society to improve conditions for the common good. using various means, present research findings in a presentation format.

In order to receive a 1 point score, the learner must: research a historical leader who acted alone or with an organization as an alternative power structure in American society to improve conditions for the common good.

In order to receive a 0, the learner must show no evidence of knowledge of any of the above elements.

Academic Standards:

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Philanthropy Framework: